Dtsch Arztebl Int 2009; 106(19): 335–9
DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2009.0335
Excerpt:
In confirmatory (evidential) studies, null hypotheses are formulated, which are then rejected or retained with the help of statistical tests. The p-value is a probability, which is the result of such a statistical test. This probability reflects the measure of evidence against the null hypothesis. Small p-values correspond to strong evidence. If the p-value is below a predefined limit, the results are designated as “statistically significant” (1). The phrase “statistically striking results” is also used in exploratory studies.
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